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Direct intramyocardial plasmid vascular endothelial growth factor-A165 gene therapy in patients with stable severe angina pectoris A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study: the Euroinject One trial. 13 Kastrup J, Jorgensen E, Ruck A, et al.Magnetic resonance mapping demonstrates benefits of VEGF-induced myocardial angiogenesis. 12 Pearlman JD, Hibberd MG, Chuang ML, et al.Adeno-associated virus-mediated transduction of VEGF165 improves cardiac tissue viability and functional recovery after permanent coronary occlusion in conscious dogs. 11 Ferrarini M, Arsic N, Recchia FA, et al.Adenoviral catheter-mediated intramyocardial gene transfer using the mature form of vascular endothelial growth factor-D induces transmural angiogenesis in porcine heart. 10 Rutanen J, Rissanen TT, Markkanen JE, et al.

Autologous bone marrow-derived stem-cell transfer in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: double-blind, randomised controlled trial. 9 Janssens S, Dubois C, Bogaert J, et al.Verapamil reduces the size of reperfused ischemically injured myocardium in hypertrophied rat hearts as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. 8 Lauerma K, Saeed M, Wendland MF, Derugin N, Yu KK, Higgins CB.Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both. 7 Pfeffer MA, McMurray JJ, Velazquez EJ, et al.Stem cell mobilization induced by subcutaneous granulocyte-colony stimulating factor to improve cardiac regeneration after acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction: result of the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled stem cells in myocardial infarction (STEMMI) trial. 6 Ripa RS, Jorgensen E, Wang Y, et al.Global cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction: a study in the rat model. 5 Weisman HF, Bush DE, Mannisi JA, Bulkley BH.Regionally different vascular response to vasoactive substances in the remodelled infarcted rat heart: aberrant vasculature in the infarct scar. 4 Kalkman EA, van Haren P, Saxena PR, Schoemaker RG.Molecular and cellular mechanisms of myocardial remodeling. Hypoxia regulates basal and induced DNA synthesis and collagen type I production in human cardiac fibroblasts: effects of transforming growth factor-beta1, thyroid hormone, angiotensin II and basic fibroblast growth factor. Hospital mortality of acute myocardial infarction in the thrombolytic era.

1 Mahon NG, O'Rorke C, Codd MB, McCann HA, McGarry K, Sugrue DD.

Findings at histopathologic evaluation indicated an increase in vascular density and a decrease in myocyte diameter in the periinfarcted myocardium of treated, compared with control, animals.Ĭonclusion: Angiogenesis and arteriogenesis induced by VEGF genes improved regional myocardial strain and wall thickening and preserved ejection fraction after infarction. A greater reduction in gadoterate meglumine–enhanced infarct area was measured in treated animals (18.6% ± 1.5 of the LV mass at 3 days vs 9.8% ± 1.0 of the LV mass at 8 weeks, P <. AAV- VEGF improved wall thickening and circumferential strain in periinfarcted and remote myocardium. Results: Six treated animals showed no change in mean LV ejection fraction after 8 weeks (40.3% ± 0.9 vs 41.0% ± 0.7) in contrast to a decrease measured in six control animals (41.4% ± 0.7 vs 36.1% ± 0.6, P <. Two-tailed Student t test was used for statistical analysis.

At postmortem examination, tissue samples stained with isolectin B4, Masson trichrome, and hematoxylin-eosin were used to characterize injured myocardium. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed at 3 days and 8 weeks after infarction by using cine, tagged, and delayed enhancement (with gadoterate meglumine) sequences to measure global and regional LV function and infarct size. In six animals, cardiac-specific AAV- VEGF was injected into the periinfarcted and infarcted myocardium 1 hour after reperfusion. Of 16 pigs subjected to reperfused myocardial infarction, six were treated, six were controls, and four died during the ischemic intervention. Materials and Methods: All experimental procedures received approval from the institutional committee on animal research. Purpose: To prospectively investigate the long-term effect of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector–encoding vascular endothelial growth factor gene ( VEGF) (AAV- VEGF) on left ventricular (LV) mass and volumes, as well as on regional contractility and circumferential strain, in a swine model of reperfused myocardial infarction.